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STATEMENT ON IIT MADRAS’ DERECOGNITION OF AMBEKAR-PERIYAR STUDY CIRCLE
We condemn the decision taken by the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), on May 22, to 'derecognise' the Ambedkar-Periyar Study Circle (APSC), an independent student body of the institution.
The Ministry of Human Resource Development (HRD) in New Delhi claims to have received an anonymous complaint about 'the distribution of controversial posters and pamphlets' by APSC in the IIT Madras campus. The nature of this allegedly controversial material was simply anti-Modi views. This got the government's hackles up, as it is determined to silence all critical voices, especially voices from outside the spectrum of parliamentary parties, Following this, the HRD ministry wrote to IIT Madras and asked the institution to respond about the above matter. The Dean of Students (DoS) of IIT Madras decided to derecognise the student group even before APSC got a chance to explain their end of the story.
The APSC was created in April 2014 to foster conversation and raise awareness about Ambedkar-Periyar and rampant caste violence in the country. In June 2014, the Dean of Students, Dr. M.S. Sivakumar, directed APSC to change the name of the group; because according to him 'Ambedkar Periyar' are politically motivated names, and student organisations should be apolitical and should not have names of individuals. No such decree for right-wing organisations operating under the name of 'Vivekananda Study Circle.' Consider this one gem of an example from the Vivekananda Study Circle website: The title of the page is 'Is Kali Black?' and has the following quote claimed by them to be from The Gospel of Ramakrishna—"Is Kali, my Divine Mother, of a black complexion? She appears black because She is viewed from a distance; but when intimately known She is no longer so. The sky appears blue at a distance; but look at it close by and you will find that it has no colour. The water of the ocean looks blue at a distance, but when you go near and take it in your hand, you find that it is colourless." (Fromhttp://www.vsc.iitm.ac.in/Home/?p=2969)
India is a society replete with caste violence. Some estimates claim that each week: 13 Dalits are murdered; 5 Dalit homes are burned down; 6 Dalit people are kidnapped or abducted; 21 Dalit women are raped. It is not a coincidence that majority of manual scavengers are from the downtrodden classes. There are systemic and structural issues in Indian society why such violence happens on a regular basis and are under-reported in the mainstream media. It is important that such issues are talked about more, and we stand in solidarity with every initiative that raises awareness about caste violence, Ambedkar and Periyar. The egregious politics of skin colour, as the example cited above suggests, and violence towards the downtrodden caste is prevalent in Indian society. We cannot eradicate caste distinction by not talking about it, by avoiding to name organisations after Ambedkar-Periyar—it is exactly the opposite—we need to confront caste politics head on as a nation, admit the historical injustices meted out to dalits, adivasis and other lower castes, and admit that a lot of it are ongoing.
We understand that this current action by the HRD ministry to pressurise IIT Madras, and the subsequent actions taken by the Dean of Students to be a continuation of the brahminisation project of the hindutva forces in the Indian polity, whose most recent manifestations have been in the spate of ghar-wapsi, church violence and increase in incidents of communal violence across the country. We decry all such efforts by the hindutva forces, the direct involvement of the government in arm twisting anti-brahminical endeavours and condemn IIT Madras, the premiere institution that it is, for the shameful decision to intimidate and muzzle conversation on caste.
We also condemn the failure of the so called liberal oppositions. It is significant that only after two days of hue and cry in the Social Media did the liberal mainstream media report on the issue. For mainstream politics, there are certain shared premises. While the alleged upholders of political liberalism and secularism condemn actions of the Sanghis, they do not desire to challenge the upper caste dominations. We call upon all Marxist and socialist forces to recognise that without a serious attack on the oppression of the lower castes, the unity of the toilers cannot be achieved, and therefore, fighting for the rights of dalits is a vital part of any genuine Marxist politics in India.
Finally, we stress that the ban on the APSC is part of the increasing violation of democratic rights. It is therefore necessary for the APSC and their supporters, as well as for any organisation fighting for democratic rights, to link up this specific struggle (the restoration of the rights of the APSC) with the general struggle for democratic rights.
30 May, 2015
Case filed against social scientist Kancha Ilaiah for asking, 'Is God a democrat?'
Case filed against social scientist Kancha Ilaiah for asking, 'Is God a democrat?'
VHP activists Pagudakula Balaswamy, Thirupathi Naik and two others accused Ilaiah of comparing Hinduism with Islam and Christianity, insulting Hindu Gods by comparing them to mortals, mocking their worship, and for attempting to trigger clashes between upper and lower classes (by which they presumably meant castes).
On the basis of their complaint, Inspector P. Shiva Shankar Rao wrote a letter to the Senior Assistant Public Prosecutor, who advised the police to register a case under Section 153 (A) and Section 295 (A), which empower the authorities to act against people who commit deliberate and malicious acts aiming at outraging religious sentiment and spreading enmity between groups.
Case under investigation: The public prosecutor's legal opinion led to a case being filed on May 15 against Ilaiah, the management of the Andhra Jyothi newspaper, its editor and publisher. The case is currently under investigation, at the completion of which a decision will be taken to whether to chargesheet them.
A police officer at the station told Scroll that Ilaiah is in the habit of articulating provocative views in his articles, which can and do hurt the sentiments of people. "Why does he have to make comments against practices which are dear to people?" the officer said, declining to give his name. The central thesis of the article is that a society's social and political structures are profoundly influenced by its conception of God and by its religious beliefs.
Three conceptions of God: Ilaiah delineates three types of Gods: an Abstract God, one who is shapeless and eternal; individuals who were prophets but were transformed into Gods; and Gods imagined as humans. Each category conveys certain ideas through their attributes, Ilaiah claims.
The Abstract God has democratic qualities, he contended. The first of these characteristics, as expressed in the Bible and the Koran, is that God "has created all human beings equal". The second democratic character of this kind of God is that humans are created superior to all animals (including the cow), and "nature and its creatures have been created for food and other human purposes".
Both Jesus Christ and Prophet Mohammad propounded these ideas, he said. However, in contrast to the Prophet Mohammad, Christ acquired the status of God, as did Gautam Buddha, he writes. "Buddha and Jesus are against violence," he wrote. "Their teaching inspired hopes for equality across the whole human race. Both their life stories have extended discussions on societal construction, change in man-woman relationships, desired forms of rule and democratic values."
However, Ilaiah rates Jesus Christ ahead of Buddha in espousing democratic ideals. "His fight for the freedom of Samaritans (Dalits over there), women, Gentile men and women, slaves and prostitutes, seem to be one step ahead of the Buddha's democratic values," he claimed. "He is the one who clearly stated about the necessity of separating state and religion."
Separating religion and state: The social scientist wrote that Christ's teachings have helped Christian countries to evolve democratic principles. By contrast, despite the great emphasis in the Koran on the equality of all humans, there was no separation of religion and state during the life of Prophet Mohammad and during the reign of the four Caliphs. This may be why dictatorships have dominated Muslim countries, which have feeble democratic traditions, Ilaiah suggested.
Next, Ilaiah turns to the third category – God as imagined as humans. Though this type of Gods is found around the world, he says it is only in India they are divided into two entities: "Vishnu and his clan of incarnations" and "Shiva and the divine powers created around him". The Saiva school's impact on contemporary India was limited, he writes. It did not really create social-political principles. By contrast, institutions and political parties in India have declared "spiritual and political allegiance to Vaishnavism and its Gods".
Ilaiah, therefore, suggests that it is more important to study the impact of Vaishnavism on Indian society. The narratives and imagery around Rama and Krishna, who are incarnations of Vishnu, involved violence and weaponry such as the chakram, bow and arrow and the trishul (trident), he writes. This has a bearing on human relations, he contends.
Caste identities: Ilaiah also alleges that these narratives contain what he calls the "counter-democratic process". The fact that these Gods have identities rooted in the Kshatriya caste "has greatly helped in building an undemocratic system", he wrote.
The article ends with a few questions: "If the God believed by a person doesn't have democratic values, where will this person get those democratic values from? In fact, shouldn't they explain why they create such Gods who are violent, undemocratic and anti-women?" Ilaiah told Scroll that he was not perturbed by the case. "I am into transforming thought," he said. "Such pressure is expected. I am not scared. My motive is to make the nation rethink its uncivilised conduct."
Statement of support: He is not without his supporters. On May 27, Andhra Jyothi carried a statement by 76 Telugu writers, intellectuals and artists backing Ilaiah. The statement said, "Prof. Kancha Ilaiah wrote an article by describing the democratic values and showing how negative spiritual values come in the way of development of national economic, social and political future."
His supporters urged his opponents to counter his arguments in articles of their own. "Instead, in order to control Prof. Ilaiah's ideas, some forces are resorting to legal and coercive methods, which cannot be supported by anybody," the statement said. The statement concludes, "Today, Kancha Ilaiah's writings are making the world think afresh. Only the communal bigots are unable to understand those ideas."
या विविध संघटना कोणत्या?
वेगवेगळ्या विद्यार्थी संघटना आणि जातीय अत्याचार विरोधी संघटना आज संध्याकाळी ५ वाजता दादर पूर्वेला निदर्शने करणार आहेत अशा काही पोष्ट पाहण्यात आल्या. या विविध संघटना कोणत्या? पोष्टमध्ये जावकसचे नाव आहे. या विद्यार्थी संघटनांचे नाव नाही. जर या विद्यार्थी संघटना निदर्शनात सहभागी खरोखर होत असतील तर त्यांची नावे जनतेला का समजू नयेत? त्यात गुप्तता ठेवण्यासारखे काय आहे? जे निदर्शनात सहभागी होतात त्यांना आपण कुणाबरोबर आपण कृतीत उतरतो आहोत हे कळण्याचा अधिकार नाही का? बहुतेक साऱ्या पोष्ट रीपप्ब्लीकन प्यान्थर्स कार्यकर्त्यांच्या आहेत. जावकसमध्ये ४० वेगवेगळ्या संघटना आहेत; त्यापैकी कुणाचाही नामनिर्देश नाही. त्या संघटना आता जावकस सोडून गेल्या आहेत कि त्यांना वगळलेले आहे? कि हा निर्णय त्यांना डावलून घेतला आहे म्हणून त्यांचा नामनिर्देश नाही किंवा या संदर्भात या संघटनांच्या प्रतिनिधींकडून कोणतीही पोष्ट म्हणून नाही? कि निर्णय घेण्याच्या प्रक्रियेत काही गफलत आहे? म्हणून जावकस मधील इतर संघटना या निर्णयापासून/ निदर्शनांच्या कृतीपासून दूर आहेत?. या ज्या विद्यार्थी संघटना आता या निदर्शनात सहभागी होत आहेत त्या या पूर्वी जावकस च्या कार्यक्रमात कधी सहभागी नव्हत्या; या विद्यार्थी संघटना नव्या आहेत का? त्यांचे गठण या शनिवार/ रविवारला झालेले असावे असे जाणवते त्यामुळे या सहभागी विद्यार्थी संघटनांना कार्यप्रणालीच्या माहितीच्या अभावी जावकसच्या केंद्रीय समितीशी बोलावे वाटले नाही आणि त्यांनी जावकसच्या रिपब्लिकन प्यान्थार्स ह्या केवळ एकाच घटक संघटनेशी बोलून या निदर्शनाचा घाट घातला? वस्तुतः या निदर्शनाच्या कार्यक्रमाविषयी जातीय अत्याचार विरोधी कृती समितीच्या केंद्रीय समितीचे अनेक सदस्य अनभिद्न्य आहेत. जातीय अत्याचार कृती समितीतील काही लोक एक गात करून निर्णय घेतात आणि तो समितीतील इतरांवर लादतात असेच दिसते. जनतेला दृश्य कार्यक्रम दिसतो मात्र पद्य अडच्या गोष्टी दिसत नाहीत म्हणून केवळ रंगमन्च्यावरची विस्कळीत कलाकृती दिसते मात्र एकसंघ कलाकृतीच्या आविष्कारासाठी आवश्यक असलेली संघटीत शक्ती गोचर होत नाही.
शनिवारी दुपारी सुमेध जाधव यांच्या कार्यालयातून कोअर कमिटी सदस्य राहुल गायकवाड यांचा मला फोन आला, " सोमवारी दुपारी २ वाजता मंत्रालयासमोर जावकसने निदर्शने करावयाची" त्यांना म्हटले, " सर्वांशी मसलत करून ठरवू" ते म्हणाले, " संध्याकाळी शाम सोनार यांचा तुम्हाला फोन येईल." संध्याकाळी सोनारांचा फोन आला. ते म्हणाले विविध संघटना आणि जावकस मिळून निदर्शन करायचे ठरले आहे" मी विचारले, " या संघटना कोणत्या? त्यांची नावे/ नम्बर्स द्या. मी त्यांच्याशी बोलून घेतो आणि मुग तुमच्याशी बोलतो." त्यावर सोनारांचा फोन/ संघटनांची नावे/ नंबर्स काहीही आले नाही. हे असे निर्णय काही ठराविक लोकांनी इतर घटक संघटनांना डावलून/ न विचारता घ्यायचे आणि इतरांवर लादायचे हे सातत्याने चालले आहे.संघटनेतील विसंवाद झाकून ठेवण्यासाठी इतर अश्या निर्णयाशी सहमती दर्शवितात पण त्यामुळे अश्या एकाधिकार प्रवृत्तीला बळकट मिळत जाते.
या निमित्ताने आणखीहि एक महत्वाचा प्रश्न उपस्थित होतो. संघटनेच्या ह्या अंतर्गत बाबी म्हणून ह्या गोपनीय मानायच्या आणि ज्या जनतेसाठी काम करायचे तिला संघटनेची कार्यपद्धती, आणि संघटनेच्या रचनेसंबंधीच्या माहितीचा हक्क नाकारायचा? संघटनेविषयी जाणून घेण्याचा आणि संघटनेच्या कामकाजावर अभिप्राय /मते/सूचना नोंदविण्याच्या अधिकार जनतेला नाकारायचा? संघटनाअंतर्गत लोकशाही तत्वांची पायमल्ली करायची आणि जनतेला लोकशाही अधिकारांपासून वंचित ठेवायचे संघटनेच्या गोपनीयतेच्या नावाखाली आणि सरकारकडे माहितीच्या अधिकाराची मात्र मागणी करायची हा दुटप्पी व्यवहार आहे.
हम फिर फैज़ अहमद फैज़ के मुखातिब जब ज़ुल्म - ओ - सितम के कोह - ऐ - गिरां रुई की तरह उड़ जायेंगे हम मेहकूमे के पाओं तले यह धरती धड़ धड़ धड्केगी और अहले हकम के सर ऊपर जब बिजली कड़ कड़ कड़केगी हम देखेंगे। …… पलाश विश्वास
हम फिर फैज़ अहमद फैज़ के मुखातिब
जब ज़ुल्म - ओ - सितम के कोह - ऐ - गिरां
रुई की तरह उड़ जायेंगे
हम मेहकूमे के पाओं तले
यह धरती धड़ धड़ धड्केगी
और अहले हकम के सर ऊपर
जब बिजली कड़ कड़ कड़केगी
हम देखेंगे। ……
पलाश विश्वास
आगे समय बेहद कठिन है और किसी भी तरह की जनपक्षधरता का अंजाम बेहद चुनौतीभरा हो सकता है,जिनसे निपटने के लिए में देश के एक एक नागरिक को संबोधित करके उन्हें सच का सामना करने वास्ते हर हालत में तैयार करना होगा वरना हम जीने या मरने काबिल भी नहीं रहेंगे।
हम अकेले नहीं है।साथियों के बढ़े हुए हाथ मजबूती से थाम लेने पर हर मुश्किल आसान हो जाती है।
अब मत चूको चौहान।
साथी अशोक चौधरी के सौजन्य से हम फिर फैज़ अहमद फैज़ के मुखातिब हो गये।
Iqbal Bano Live – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VIDXUD1-8bo
हम देखेंगे। …… लाज़िम है के हम भी देखेंगे। ..... हम देखेंगे
वो दिन के जिसका वादा है हम देखेंगे
जो लोह - ऐ - अज़ल पे लिखा है। ..... हम देखेंगे
जब ज़ुल्म - ओ - सितम के कोह - ऐ - गिरां
रुई की तरह उड़ जायेंगे
हम मेहकूमे के पाओं तले
यह धरती धड़ धड़ धड्केगी
और अहले हकम के सर ऊपर
जब बिजली कड़ कड़ कड़केगी
हम देखेंगे। ……
जब अर्ज़ - ऐ - खुदा के काबे से
सब बुत उठवाए जायेंगे
हम एहले सफा मरदू - दे - हरम
मसनद पे बिठाये जायेंगे
सब ताज उछाले जायेंगे
सब तखत गिराये जायेंगे
हम देखेंगे। ....
बस नाम रहेगा अल्लाह का
जो गायब भी है हाज़िर भी
जो मंज़र भी है नज़ीर भी
उठेगा अन-ल-हक़ का नारा
जो मैं भी हु और तुम भी हो
और राज करेगी ख़ल्क़ - ऐ - खुद
जो मैं भी हु और तुम भी हो
हम देखेंगे। ....
हम देखेंगे। ....
लाज़िम है के हम भी देखेंगे।
फैज़ अहमद फैज़
अतिक्रमण का बहाना बना कर उजाड़े वन गुर्ज्जर और बाढ़ पीड़ित . खुले आसमान के नीचे भयंकर लू में पड़े हैं छोटे . छोटे बच्चों के साथ . ’’ उजाड़ने के नाम पर पीड़ितों के जेवर, नकदी, बर्तन, आनाज, बिस्तर और कपड़े भी लूटे . सभी हैंडपंप भी उखाड़ कर ले गए , इस गरमी में बिना पानी के पड़े हैं पीड़ित . ’’ सरकारी स्कूल भी किया ध्वस्त . बाक़ी दिन इस झुलसती धूप में सरकारी अध्यापक ने खुले आसमान के नीचे चलाया स्कूल .
Modi diplomacy blasts the heart and mind of the Geopolitics!Yes!Narendra Modi will be travelling to Israel and the declaration comes before Bangladesh visit!
Modi diplomacy blasts the heart and mind of the Geopolitics!Yes!Narendra Modi will be travelling to Israel and the declaration comes before Bangladesh visit!
Palash Biswas
It is no secret that Indian internal security has been handed over to Mossad and RSS governance of Fascism has aligned with Israel agaist Palestine and entire Muslim World.Thus,Modi diplomacy has broken yet another ground declaring his visit to Tel Aviv as the first prime minister of India just before visiting Bangladesh with Hindutva agenda.
Yes!Narendra Modi will be travelling to Israel, the first by an Indian Prime Minister to the Jewish country with which bilateral defence cooperation is on an upswing.Mind you,the emphasis is on defence while it has always been internal security.
It has to be remembered that India had established "full" diplomatic relationship with Israel in 1992 after the neo liberal children captured the power and the people to sell off the nation though it had recognised the country in 1950.
The then Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon had become the first premier from that country to visit India when he came here in 2003. He is credited with transforming bilateral relations from diminutive defence and trade cooperation to the strategic ties of today.
"As far as my visit is concerned, it will take place this year. I will visit, Israel, Palestine and Jordan. As far as Prime Minister's visit is concerned, he will travel to Israel. No dates have been finalised. It will take place as per mutually convenient dates," she said replying to a question at a press conference.
Mind you,No Indian Prime Minister or President has ever visited that country.
No wonder the term defence is applied to internal security as the game is very very open and you may understand the impact as topmost priority of the so called business friendly government of Hindutva,destroying indigenous business as well as industry despite betraying India Inc which groomed the mandate- remains the Hidnu Rashtra.We may understand the aesthetics of this Hindutva plus Zionist alliance and the impact in the neighbourhood.
We all know that India is the strategic nuclear partner of United states of America with Israel while Indian diplomacy before Modi Jamana always supported independent Palestine.
India has a very big Muslim population not to mention the composition of demography of South Asia and South East Asia,which supports Palestine.The cent percent hindutva agenda and the agenda of Ram Mandir might be the exact chemistry for this RSS ZIONISM link which we had been highlighting time and again.
We have to prove nothing afresh as Modi has already opened doors and windows for Israel companies and we have to wait for the real time to see what agrrements he would sign with Israel.
No dates have been finalised for Modi's visit which will take place on mutually convenient dates, External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj said.
Swaraj said she will be travelling to Israel this year, besides Palestine and Jordan.
At the same time, she asserted, "There was no change in India's policy towards Palestine."
L K Advani had visited Israel when he was Home Minister in the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government. Jaswant Singh and S M Krishna had visited the Jewish nation as External Affairs Ministers. Recently Home Minister Rajnath Singh had also visited Israel.
Describing Israel as a friendly country, Swaraj said India had never "let down" the Palestinian cause and it will continue to support it.
Asked whether the Prime Minister will visit Iran, she said no such visit has been finalised so far but he will be visiting Turkey to attend G-20 Summit later this year. Swaraj said she will travel to Iran to attend the NAM Summit this year.
Talking about government's efforts to reach out to various countries, Swaraj said Prime Minister will visit five Central Asian countries including Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan when he travels to Russia to attend the BRICS Summit.
"When he goes to Ufa in Russia for BRICS summit, he will visit five Central Asian countries," Swaraj said, adding "the foreign policy has been spread quite significantly. We achieved a lot."
Bangladesh in crisis By Toby Cadman
Bangladesh in crisis
By Toby Cadman
May 29, 2015
On 30 April 2015, the U.S. Congressional Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific organized the hearing "Bangladesh's Fracture: Political and Religious Extremism." The hearing, which included the testimonies of five expert witnesses, focused on the Bangladeshi political and security crisis deriving from the post-electoral violence, widespread human rights violations, economic instability and the rise in religious extremism.
The political crisis of Bangladesh started in June 2011 when, despite the contrary opinion of the Supreme Court, the Awami League Government abolished the requirement to appoint a caretaker government to oversee the next general election. The political opposition, formed mainly by the Bangladesh National Party (BNP) and Jamaat-e-Islami (JeI), made the decision to boycott the elections, the result of which being that the Awami League and its supporters achieved an absolute majority in Parliament.
The elections, characterized by an extremely low voter turn-out, was criticised by the international community and particularly, the U.S. State Department, which issued a statement expressing its concern over an unrepresentative and illegitimate election. Moreover, reports confirm new electoral irregularities in the recent municipal elections, including intimidation of opposition candidates, harassment of the media, vote rigging and the capture of polling centres by government security forces.
In the first four months of 2015, more than 150 people have been killed in confrontations between the government and the opposition; hundreds more people have been injured, and around fifteen thousand members of the opposition have been arbitrarily arrested and detained. Moreover, numerous NGOs, such as Odikhar, Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International, have reported numerous enforced disappearances and extrajudicial killings carried out by members of the Joint Security Forces.
Witnesses at the Congressional hearing testified that, due to the insecurity and the transport blockade, the streets of Dhaka are empty and several international companies have decided to relocate to other countries in the region, deeply harming economic development. It is estimated that approximately $2.2 billion (1 percent of the Bangladesh GDP) has been lost as a result of political violence.
The sharp deterioration in Bangladesh's economic stability is just one of the factors leading to the convening of the Congressional hearing. The hearing also sought to respond to increasing instances of human rights violations and to consider steps to end a pervasive culture of impunity. As Rep. Matt Salmon (R-Ariz.) stated, the tension between the two main political parties and the escalation of violence since the 2014 elections is having a significant effect on Bangladeshi citizens.
Moreover, he added that the current political unrest "may lead to a further breakdown of order that could open space for Islamic militancy or for the military to take power." These two potential outcomes would be tremendously harmful not only for Bangladesh, a modern secular State with a democratic tradition, but also for the region. If the political and security crisis continues, Bangladesh would risk sacrificing the economic and social advances achieved in recent years, including the advances in terms of democracy, improvement of live expectancy, female literacy and economic growth.
Against this background, witnesses offered several proposals to Congress and to the international community to assist in resolving the political crisis in Bangladesh. The witnesses called upon the international community to encourage dialogue between the Awami League and the BNP, criticize "the government's failure to provide adequate political space for the opposition" and support a "civil society dialogue" that advocates for non-violent politics.
For some witnesses it is essential to include young members of JeI in this dialogue, as the party has already been banned from participating in elections, "and its top leaders have either been executed or are facing death sentences" by a partial tribunal in a deeply flawed judicial process. Closing the political space to this group completely would only leave them the option of continuing a violent struggle. This in turn would likely lead to further unrest and longer term instability.
Finally, the international community should offer incentives to the government, should it stabilise the political and social situation, such as raising the prospect of greater trade and investment. It was suggested that future economic aid should be conditioned on the improvement of the human rights situation.
According to Ali Riaz, professor at Illinois State University, "the international community cannot continue to have a 'Business-as-Usual' approach while the country is slowly descending into a situation which has strong potential for engendering a prolonged conflict."
It should be noted with all the more concern that following the hearing, two further events have overshadowed the State, and underlined just how far Bangladesh has fallen.
On 12 May 2015, Ananta Bijoy Das, a 'secular blogger' was murdered on the streets of Dhaka, the third such murder this year. No murder can be tolerated in any society, however, it is all the more concerning when a citizen is murdered simply for expressing a contrary opinion. The principle of freedom of speech is paramount in any democracy, and attempts to curtail it by any means, be it by individuals, or by government policy, should be resisted and condemned in equal measure.
Second, note has been made of the use of enforced disappearance by the ruling party as a means to silence and dissuade opposition. On 10 March 2015, Salah Uddin Ahmed, a former BNP minister was reported as having been abducted. No investigation took place and the security services denied any involvement, despite there being compelling evidence to the contrary. On 13 May 2015, Ahmed was discovered in an Indian prison having been arrested near the border. Ahmed has limited recollection of the events that led to his detention, but he does recall being kidnapped by a group of as yet unidentified state actors.
There is a clear inference that the state security services in Bangladesh see kidnap and disappearance as a legitimate tool; again, actions that should attract vehement condemnation from the international community.
Cadman is a British lawyer who has worked in Bangladeshi law and politics.
http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/foreign-policy/243384-bangladesh-in-crisis
Massive Die-Out Of Saiga Antelopes In Central Asia
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In Solidarity
Binu Mathew
Editor
www.countercurrents.org
US Economy Contracted In First Quarter
By Andre Damon
http://www.countercurrents.org/damon300515.htm
The US economy shrank at an annual rate of 0.7 percent in the first three months of this year, the Commerce Department said Friday. The new figures mark a sharp downward revision compared with the already anemic 0.2 percent first-quarter growth rate estimated by the Commerce Department in April, and an even bigger slide from the previous quarter, which saw a growth of 2.2 percent
Massive Die-Out Of Saiga Antelopes In Central Asia
By Marianne de Nazareth
http://www.countercurrents.org/saiga300515.htm
It's a shocking number, for those who are concerned about species loss. News is out that more than 120,000 saiga antelope, a mind boggling figure, have been confirmed dead in central Kazakhstan, representing more than a third of the global population. This is a major blow for conservation efforts, given that saigas have in the past ten years, only just started to recover from a global population size of less than 50,000 animals following a 95% crash in numbers
Let's End Chronic Hunger
By Jomo Kwame Sundaram
http://www.countercurrents.org/sundaram300515.htm
The latest State of World Food Insecurity (SOFI) report for 2015 by the Rome-based Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Food Programme and International Fund for Agricultural Development estimates almost 795 million people — one in nine people worldwide — remain chronically hungry
Oil Giants Brush Up Climate Credentials Ahead Of Paris Summit
By Ed King
http://www.countercurrents.org/king300515.htm
Eight of the world's top oil and gas producers have offered an intriguing glimpse into a future of rusting oil rigs and gleaming solar panels. A vision of old and new energy sources, on what looks like a dried out seabed, dominate the front page of the Oil and Gas Climate Initiative (OGCI) website, a project launched by BG Group, BP, Eni, Pemex, Saudi Aramco, Shell, Sinopec and Total
13 Giants Control 40% Of World's Most Valuable Fisheries
But Don't Assume Responsibility Of Marine Ecosystems
By Countercurrents.org
http://www.countercurrents.org/cc300515A.htm
Just thirteen giant corporations control 19-40% of the largest and most valuable stocks and 11-16% of the global marine catch, finds a new research. This handful of corporations represents 0.5% of 2250 registered fishing and aquaculture companies worldwide
Where Would Jesus Live?
By David Swanson
http://www.countercurrents.org/swanson300515.htm
If Jesus lived in Galilee in recent decades he would live in a world alive with Palestinian traditions clinging to a long-rooted history but struggling through the aftermath of the never-ended ethnic-cleansing operation that spiked in 1948
ISIS Is The Child Of Chaos, Not Religion
By Justin Podur
http://www.countercurrents.org/podur300515.htm
What explains the shocking, video-recorded horrors of ISIS? The right-wing New Atheists look for passages in scriptures that are used to justify the crimes; the criminals themselves claim to be acting in the name of religion. But people who genuinely want to understand would do better to look to other parts of the world where long-running conflicts have led to social collapse
Elizabeth Gurley Flynn: Modern American Revolutionary Book Review
By Staughton Lynd
http://www.countercurrents.org/lynd300515.htm
A number of radical women who espoused anarchism or anarcho-syndicalism when they were young were drawn in later life to uncritical support of international Communism. Alexandra Kollontai, Lucy Parsons, and Dolores Ibarruri ("La Pasionaria") come to mind. Elizabeth Gurley Flynn can be described in the same way. The "rebel girl" celebrated by Joe Hill's song, who was the most conspicuous woman among the prominent personalities of the IWW, became a member of the United States Communist Party in 1937 and supported it publicly until her death
Terror Birds or Terror Beings?
By Mickey Z.
http://www.countercurrents.org/mickeyz300515.htm
Terror bird? Tell that to the 23 million chickens killed in the United States for food (sic) every single day. That's 269 dead chickens per second -- brutally slaughtered after a short, nightmarish life imposed upon them by a taxpayer subsidized industry responsible for systematically destroying our landbase and threatening all life on earth. To the vast majority of inhabitants of this planet, we are terror beings
Poets' Talk
With Gary Corseri and José M. Tirado
http://www.countercurrents.org/corseri300515.htm
A conversation between American writer Gary Corseri and Puertorican poet and political writer José M. Tirado
Discrimination In Employment Against Muslims In India
By Abdul Majid Zargar
http://www.countercurrents.org/zargar300515.htm
The denial of Job to a Muslim MBA graduate by a leading Indian Diamond export firm has created some ripples in the Indian media & political class .What is interesting to note is that the operations of this firm are spread over to seventy five countries in the world and earns more than 50% of its profits from Muslim Countries but is not inclined to employ a Muslim. The discrimination against Muslims in the so-called secular India is nothing new to warrant any surprise. It has always been a blot on India's much touted secular record since inception
The Cancerous Faces of Indian Tobacco
By Sazzad Hussain
http://www.countercurrents.org/hussain300515.htm
Supreme Court of India banned sale of tobacco products in plastic pouches from 1st March 2011. It also asked for the alternative material for packaging them. Some abortive attempts by authorities at the district level failed to succeed because of non-cooperation by the public in not using the plastic/polythene bags. Similarly there should be a ban on printing of photos of Indian men on the tobacco products. Public awareness is the key in addressing this duel challenge of tobacco and the sale of its products in plastic
Will Countries 'Walk The Talk' To End The Tobacco Epidemic?
By Bobby Ramakant
http://www.countercurrents.org/ramakant300515.htm
Despite unprecedented pressure from tobacco industry to delay, dilute or thwart progress on a range of tobacco control measures globally, considerable achievements have been made by governments over the past years to protect public health. The global tobacco treaty, which was the first corporate-accountability and public health internationally binding treaty of the World Health Organization (WHO), is one major leap forward to move the world towards ending game of tobacco
विश्वविद्यालयों की ‘धंधेबाज़ी’ की नई तैयारी ! अनु.- आशुतोष उपाध्याय रोमिला थापर
विश्वविद्यालयों की 'धंधेबाज़ी' की नई तैयारी !
अगर प्रस्तावित बदलाव लागू हुए तो किस किस्म की समस्याएं खड़ी होंगी उनकी यह बानगी भर है. इस भविष्यवाणी के लिए ज्यादा दूरदृष्टि की ज़रूरत नहीं कि बदलावों की गाज हमारी विश्वविद्यालयी व्यवस्था में किस-किस पर गिरेगी.
घटिया शिक्षा पाए और नौकरी के इच्छुक मगर अयोग्य ठहराए गए नौजवानों की बड़ी तादाद एक स्वस्थ समाज की तस्वीर नहीं पेश करती. न विज्ञान और न ही समाज विज्ञान 40 विश्वविद्यालयों में महज एक जैसी सूचना के बतौर नहीं पढ़ाए जा सकते.
हर विषय के लिए सोच-विचार, सवाल और बहस-मुबाहिसे की दरकार होती है, क्योंकि प्रत्येक विषय की अपनी बौद्धिक विषयवस्तु होती है, जो उसकी समझ के निर्माण के लिए आवश्यक है.
इस बहस को ऊपर से निर्धारित नहीं किया जा सकता. एक सिलेबस जिसे 'ऊपर से' थोपा गया हो और जिस पर शिक्षकों ने विचार न किया हो, रटंत सूचना बनकर रह जाता है.
विश्वविद्यालयों के सिलेबस का प्रस्तावित मानकीकरण शिक्षा की गुणवत्ता को रसातल तक गिरा डालेगा.
केंद्रीय मानव संसाधन विकास मंत्रालय ने कुछ दिन पहले घोषणा की कि वह केन्द्रीय विश्वविद्यालयों की संरचना और तौर-तरीकों में बदलाव लाने जा रहा है.
देश में फिलवक्त 40 के करीब केन्द्रीय विश्वविद्यालय हैं. प्रस्तावित यूनिवर्सिटी एक्ट के जरिए इन बदलावों को सार्वजानिक किया गया. राष्ट्रीय राजधानी क्षेत्र के विभिन्न कालेजों और विश्वविद्यालयों के अकादमिकों ने बड़ी तादाद में सुझावों की जांच-पड़ताल की.
उन्होंने प्रस्तावित बदलावों का गहराई से अध्ययन किया, क्योंकि प्रस्तावित बदलाव अगर लागू हुए तो ये कॉलेज और विश्वविद्यालय स्तर की उच्च शिक्षा को व्यापक रूप से प्रभावित करेंगे.
छः महीने के गहन विचार-मंथन के बाद उन्होंने संयुक्त रूप से एक दस्तावेज जारी किया- 'भारतीय विश्वविद्यालयों का क्या करें? चिंतित शिक्षकों के विचार.'
दस्तावेज बताता है कि क्यों उन्होंने अकादमिक वजहों से ज्यादातर प्रस्तावित सुझावों को स्वीकार किए जाने योग्य नहीं पाया. यह दस्तावेज फेसबुक पर उपलब्ध है और कई उपयोगी पोस्टों में प्रकाशित हो चुका है.
बड़ी संख्या में शिक्षकों की ओर से जारी किया गया यह महत्वपूर्ण वक्तव्य है, जिसमें प्रस्तावों पर मांगी गईं उनकी प्रतिक्रियाएं शामिल हैं.
उम्मीद की जानी चाहिए कि इन प्रतिक्रियाओं पर मानव संसाधन मंत्रालय, विश्वविद्यालय अनुदान आयोग और स्नातक व स्नातकोत्तर शिक्षा से जुड़े अन्य तमाम संगठन व्यापक रूप से विचार करेंगे.
इसे दुर्भाग्य ही कहना चाहिए कि मौजूदा या पिछली सरकारों ने शिक्षा को पर्याप्त गंभीरता से नहीं लिया. पहले ही शर्मनाक ढंग से कम शिक्षा-बजट को अब 3 फ़ीसदी की अतिसूक्ष्म मात्रा तक घटा दिया गया है.
इसके बावजूद एक धुंधली सी उम्मीद बंधी हुई है कि विकास की सीढ़ियां चढ़ी जा सकती हैं. विकास के लिए ठीक से पढ़े-लिखे लोग चाहिए अन्यथा यह कहीं नहीं ले जाता. क्या राजनेताओं को शिक्षित नागरिकों से डर लगता है?
कायाकल्प की जगह सुधार
शिक्षा को सुधारने के लिए सरकार गलत सिरे से शुरुआत करती दिखाई पड़ती है. केन्द्रीय विश्वविद्यालयों औरआईआईटी, आईआईएम जैसी संस्थाओं की ज्यादा संख्या की वकालत करते हुए वह इस तरह उच्च स्तर पर नाटकीय परिवर्तन लाने की योजना बना रही है.
जैसा कि अकसर कहा जाता है कि मौजूदा संस्थाओं को बेहतर बनाने पर जोर दिया जाना चाहिए. तथापि शिक्षा का दारोमदार स्कूली शिक्षा की गुणवत्ता में निहित है. यूपीए-2 सरकार की ओर से पेश किया गया विश्वविद्यालयों की संख्या बढ़ाने का प्रस्ताव मौजूदा सरकार को भी जंच गया लगता है.
मगर भारत में शिक्षा व्यवस्था में गंभीर सुधार के लिए प्राथमिक और माध्यमिक स्तर पर बुनियाद को मजबूत करने की ज़रूरत है. ऐसा इनकी गुणवत्ता को व्यवस्थित और तार्किक ढंग से सुधारकर ही संभव है.
यह बात पाठ्यक्रम पर भी उतनी ही गहराई से लागू होती है जितनी कि सुविधाओं पर.
बड़े बजट से स्कूलों की संख्या बढ़ा पाना संभव है और बेशक इनकी बेहद ज़रूरत भी है. लेकिन संख्या बढ़ाना ही पर्याप्त नहीं होता. स्कूल की स्थापना ऐसी जगह होनी चाहिए कि इस पर ऊंची जातियों और पैसे वालों का दबदबा कायम न हो. नहीं तो सामाजिक और आर्थिक रूप से कमजोर लोग शिक्षा से वंचित रह जायेंगे.
स्कूल पर्याप्त रूप से साधनसंपन्न भी होने चाहिए. शिक्षक ठीक से प्रशिक्षित हों और शिक्षा के लाभ स्पष्ट दिखाई पड़ने चाहिए.
इस काम को उच्च शिक्षा की तरह बेहद संजीदगी से किए जाने की ज़रूरत है. स्कूली शिक्षा अच्छी न हो तो उच्च शिक्षा संस्थान विकलांग हो जाते हैं. घटिया स्कूली शिक्षा प्राप्त छात्र उच्च शिक्षा हासिल करने में लड़खड़ाते हैं और इसके लिए खर्च की गयी भारी-भरकम राशि बेकार चली जाती है.
शिक्षा के कई लक्ष्य हैं. इन्टरनेट की तरह यह सूचनाएं मुहैया कराती है. लेकिन फर्क यह है कि शिक्षा से विश्वसनीय सूचनाएं मिलती हैं. साथ ही यह तार्किक और विश्लेषणात्मक ढंग से विचार करना सिखाती है.
अगर ज्ञान को आगे बढ़ाना है तो मौजूदा ज्ञान पर सवाल खड़े होने चाहिए. चाहे वह विज्ञान हो या फिर समाज विज्ञान या मानविकी, ऐसा आलोचनात्मक निरीक्षण शिक्षा के किसी भी क्षेत्र का महत्वपूर्ण बिंदु है.
संयोगवश एक छात्र को नौकरी के लिए सबसे अच्छा प्रशिक्षण भी शिक्षा ही देती है. बच्चे की कल्पनाशक्ति के विकास के लिए मिथकों को गढ़ना ज़रूरी है किन्तु शिक्षा और विद्वता के साथ इसका घालमेल ठीक नहीं.
स्कूली शिक्षा को उच्च शिक्षा के साथ जोड़ने का संबंध प्रस्तावित यूनिवर्सिटी एक्ट के कुछ सुझावों पर दी गई प्रतिक्रियाओं से भी है. सुझावों में सिलेबस के मानकीकरण और केंद्रीकरण को शिक्षा की गुणवत्ता में सुधार लाने का एक जरिया बताया गया है.
यह भी कहा गया है कि शिक्षकों और छात्रों की केंद्रीकृत भर्ती से उन्हें गतिशील बनाया जा सकेगा. क्या सभी 40 विश्वविद्यालयों के सभी विषयों के लिए समूचे सिलेबस का केंद्रीकरण और मानकीकरण संभव है? यह एक भीमकाय और गैर-ज़रूरी कवायद और हो सकता है कहीं विपदा ही साबित न हो जाय.
इसके बाद पुस्तकालयों और प्रयोगशालाओं के लिए लगभग दोगुने बजट की ज़रूरत पड़ेगी. अन्यथा शिक्षा कुछ वक्तव्यों को रटने तक सीमित नहीं रह जाएगी?
सिलेबस के मानकीकरण के सिलसिले में कमतर संस्थाओं को ऊपर उठाने की खातिर अच्छी संस्थाओं को अपना स्तर गिराना पड़ेगा. शिक्षा की गुणवत्ता का मानक न्यूनतम समापवर्तक हो जाएगा.
ऊंचा स्तर विविधता और ज्ञान के सतत व विश्वसनीय उन्नयन की मांग करता है. बौद्धिक जिज्ञासा के विकास के लिए यह ज़रूरी है. मानकीकरण और केंद्रीकरण के बाद विश्वविद्यालय शिक्षा की दुकानों और कोचिंग स्कूलों में बदल जाएंगे.
संयुक्त प्रवेश परीक्षा के परिणामस्वरूप महानगर के विश्वविद्यालयों की ओर भीड़ बढ़ने लगेगी, क्योंकि अच्छी नौकरियों के लिए ये बेहतर प्रवेश द्वार हैं. ऐसे में आरक्षण की व्यवस्था और कोटे को कैसे लागू किया जाएगा? क्या संख्याओं को लगातार बदलते रहना होगा?
दूसरे बड़ी समस्या भाषा की होगी. आज, ज्यादातर विश्वविद्यालयों में क्षेत्रीय भाषाएं शिक्षा का प्रभावी माध्यम हैं, खास तौर पर स्नातक स्तर पर. तो क्या शिक्षकों व छात्रों को एक जगह (जैसे पंजाब) से दूसरी जगह (जैसे केरल) यह मांग करते हुए भेजा जाएगा कि उन्हें नई जगह में जो भी भाषा चलाई जा रही हो उसका इस्तेमाल करना ही होगा?
या विरोध को दबाने के हथियार के तौर पर शिक्षकों व छात्रों को दंडस्वरूप स्थानांतरित किया जाएगा? द्विभाषा- एक क्षेत्रीय और एक सार्विक भाषा- एक हल हो सकता है, बशर्ते सर्विक भाषा पर सबकी सहमति हो.
गरीबों और अमीरों के लिए स्कूल
अगर प्रस्तावित बदलाव लागू हुए तो किस किस्म की समस्याएं खड़ी होंगी उनकी यह बानगी भर है. इस भविष्यवाणी के लिए ज्यादा दूरदृष्टि की ज़रूरत नहीं कि बदलावों की गाज हमारी विश्वविद्यालयी व्यवस्था में किस-किस पर गिरेगी.
घटिया शिक्षा पाए और नौकरी के इच्छुक मगर अयोग्य ठहराए गए नौजवानों की बड़ी तादाद एक स्वस्थ समाज की तस्वीर नहीं पेश करती. न विज्ञान और न ही समाज विज्ञान 40 विश्वविद्यालयों में महज एक जैसी सूचना के बतौर नहीं पढ़ाए जा सकते.
हर विषय के लिए सोच-विचार, सवाल और बहस-मुबाहिसे की दरकार होती है, क्योंकि प्रत्येक विषय की अपनी बौद्धिक विषयवस्तु होती है, जो उसकी समझ के निर्माण के लिए आवश्यक है.
इस बहस को ऊपर से निर्धारित नहीं किया जा सकता. एक सिलेबस जिसे 'ऊपर से' थोपा गया हो और जिस पर शिक्षकों ने विचार न किया हो, रटंत सूचना बनकर रह जाता है.
अगर सरकारी विश्विद्यालय घटिया शिक्षा देंगे तो अच्छी शिक्षा के लिए लोग प्राइवेट विश्वविद्यालयों की ओर जाएंगे, क्योंकि ये इस तरह के प्रतिबन्ध नहीं लगाते. लेकिन प्राइवेट विश्वविद्यालय अमूमन ज्यादातर छात्रों की हैसियत से बाहर हैं. नतीजतन सरकारी विश्वविद्यालय गरीबों के शिक्षा संस्थान बनकर रह जाएंगे, जैसा कि सरकारी स्कूलों में दिखाई देता है.
एक बड़ी समस्या विश्वविद्यालयों की स्वायत्तता के खत्म हो जाने की होगी, जैसा कि दिल्ली के अकादमिकों ने अपने प्रत्युत्तर में इंगित किया है. किसी विश्वविद्यालय की संभावनाएं एक ऐसी स्वायत्त संस्था के रूप में बने रहने में निहित है जो उच्च स्तर को बनाए रखने व नई से नई पहल की जिम्मेदारी ले.
सार्वजानिक विश्वविद्यालय व्यवस्था की गुणवत्ता और इसकी निरंतरता किसी भी आधुनिक समाज के लिए निर्णायक होती है. प्राइवेट विश्वविद्यालय, चाहे कितने भी अच्छे क्यों न हों, हर किसी को उच्च शिक्षा उपलब्ध नहीं करा सकते. प्रस्तावित बदलाव शैक्षिक संस्था के रूप में विश्वविद्यालय के कार्यभार और भूमिका के कहीं ज्यादा महत्वपूर्ण पहलू को नष्ट कर डालेंगे.
(रोमिला थापर जवाहरलाल नेहरू विश्वविद्यालय में प्राचीन इतिहास की मानद प्रोफ़ेसर हैं.)
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